16

Nov 10

Disfuzione erettile

Classificazione

La Disfunzione Erettile (DE)  può essere classificata dal punto di vista fisiopatologico in tre gruppi

1.      Psicogena (30 -40% dei casi): non è ben chiaro come i fattori psicologici possano essere responsabili di un DE anche se si ritiene che in alcuni casi, come quelli legati all’ansia da prestazione, vi possa essere una iperattività del sist nervoso simpatico che determina un aumento del tono della muscolatura liscia cavernosa e quindi il mantenimento dello stato di flaccidità del pene.

2.  Organica (60-70%)

3.  Mista:spesso in realtà può essere difficile riconoscere una netta distinzione tra forme  organiche e psicogene; è comune infatti che su malattie organiche di base si vadano a sovrapporre fattori di tipo psicologico, dando così origine al quadro di DE misto

Fattori Psicologici

  • ANSIA DA PRESTAZIONE
  • STILE DI VITA
  • CONFLITTI FAMIGLIARI
  • CONFLITTI RELAZIONALI
  • INFEDELTÀ ECC ECC.

Fattori Vascolari:le stenosi arteriose sia dei grossi vasi ( aorta o vasi iliaci) che della pudenda e delle sue diramazioni possono essere responsabili di un ipoafflusso arterioso. L’ipoafflusso determinerebbe inoltre una ischemia relativa dei corpi cavernosi e conseguentemente la perdita del meccanismo veno-occlusivo.

L’iperdeflusso venoso (fuga venosa) si verifica in tutte quelle circostanze in cui il meccanismo veno-occlusivo viene meno (disfunzione della muscolatura liscia o anomalia della tunica albuginea). Questo può essere dovuto a difetti congeniti, o più frequentemente acquisiti (diabete, ipercolesterolemia, m.di LaPeyronie,traumi penieni, chirurgia peniena)


Fattori Neurogeni:le cause più frequenti sono le lesioni degenerative del SNC (sclerosi multipla, Parkinson, Alzheimer),e i traumi del MS, anche se erezioni riflesse (stimolazione manuale) possono ancora essere presenti in caso di lesioni alte(toraciche). La neuropatia diabetica (assieme alla vasculopatia diabetica) è una causa frequente di DE. Lesioni nervose a carico del plesso pudendo, dei nervi pudendi o cavernosi possono essere secondarie a interventi chirurgici quali la prostatectomia radicale, la cistectomia radicale, la resezione anteriore del retto.


Fattori Endocrini : ipogonadismi, iperprolattinemia


Fattori Dismetabolici :diabete, epatopatie croniche, insufficienza renale cronica

Farmaci: beta-bloccanti, diuretici tiazidici, antidepressivi triciclici, benzodiazepine, antiandrogeni, analoghi LHRH

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